Church Fathers who believed in Universal Reconciliation

Ilaria Ramelli studied the history of the doctrine of universal reconciliation throughout church history. According to her findings, these church fathers supported the belief that ultimately God will save everyone.

Supporters of apokatastasis in roughly chronological order:

– [c. 30-105] Apostle Paul and various NT authors

– [c. 80-150] Scattered likely references among Apostolic Fathers: Ignatius, Justin Martyr, Tatian, Theophilus of Antioch (explicit references)

– [130-202] Irenaeus
– [c. 150-200] Pantaenus of Alexandria
– [150-215] Clement of Alexandria
– [154-222] Bardaisan of Edessa
– [c. 184-253] Origen (including The Dialogue of Adamantius)
– [♱ 265] Dionysius of Alexandria
– [265-280] Theognustus
– [c. 250-300] Hieracas
– [♱ c. 309] Pierius
– [♱ c. 309] St Pamphilus Martyr
– [♱ c. 311] Methodius of Olympus
– [251-306] St. Anthony
– [c. 260-340] Eusebius
– [c. 270-340] St. Macrina the Elder
– [conv. 355] Gaius Marius Victorinus (converted at very old age)
– [300-368] Hilary of Poitiers
– [c. 296-373] Athanasius of Alexandria
– [♱ c. 374] Marcellus of Ancrya
– [♱378] Titus of Basra/Bostra
– [c. 329-379] Basil the Cappadocian
– [327-379] St. Macrina the Younger
– [♱387] Cyril of Jerusalem (possibly)
– [c. 300-388] Paulinus, bishop of Tyre and then Antioch
– [c. 329-390] Gregory Nazianzen
– [♱ c. 390] Apollinaris of Laodicaea
– [♱ c. 390] Diodore of Tarsus
– [330-390] Gregory of Nyssa
– [c. 310/13-395/8] Didymus the Blind of Alexandria
– [333-397] Ambrose of Milan
– [345-399] Evagrius Ponticus
– [♱407] Theotimus of Scythia
– [350-428] Theodore of Mopsuestia
– [c. 360-400] Rufinus
– [350-410] Asterius of Amaseia
– [347-420] St. Jerome
– [354-430] St. Augustine (early, anti-Manichean phase)
– [363-430] Palladius
– [360-435] John Cassian
– [373-414] Synesius of Cyrene
– [376-444] Cyril of Alexandria
– [500s] John of Caesarea
– [♱520] Aeneas of Gaza
– [♱523] Philoxenus of Mabbug
– [475-525] Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
– [♱543] Stephen Bar Sudhaili
– [580-662] St. Maximus the Confessor
– [♱ c. 700] St. Isaac of Nineveh
– [c. 620-705] Anastasius of Sinai
– [c. 690-780] St. John of Dalyatha
– [710/13-c. 780] Joseph Hazzaya
– [813-903] Moses Bar Kepha
– [815-877] Johannes Scotus Eriugena

― Ilaria Ramelli

More details can be found in her 2 books:

https://amzn.to/3BccYB9

https://amzn.to/3iuo4Kw

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